Connecting means for pistons and piston-rods



L. SYKES CONNECTING MEANS FOR PISTONS AND PISTON RODS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 7, 1919.

Patented May 11, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

ATTORNEYS.

L. SYKES. CONNECTING MEANS FOR PISTONS AND PISTON RODS- Patented May 11,1920.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 7, 1919. 1,339,427.

. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Z 6' owuwrs-g ATTORNEY? p to each other of generally 90,

LEWIS sYKEs', or CAMDEN, new JERsnY, Mmvrs, T0 KELLER PNEUMATIC TooLCORPORATION or MICHIGAN.

ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGN- COMIANY, O15 GRAND HAVEN,MICHIGAN, A

CONNECTING MEANS FOR PISTONS AND PISTON-RODS. I

1,339,427. Original application filed November 7,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 11, 1920.

1918, Serial No. 261,517. Divided and. this application filed June 7,

1919. Serial No. 302,445.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LEWIS SYKRs, a citizen ofthe United States, residing in the city and county of Camden, State ofNew Jersey, have invented a new and useful Connecting Means for Pistonsand Piston Rods, of which the following is a specification.

This application is a division of a contemporaneously pendingapplication filed by me, November 7th, 1918, Serial No. 261,517, and mypresent invention-relates particularly to a novel construction ofdevices or connecting means for securing a connecting rod or pitman tothe piston of a pneumatic drill or similar implement in such a way thatthe piston and its connecting rod are durably connected and abundantprovision is made for effectively lubricating the same.

In pneumatic drills or similar implements of the general type to whichmy invention appertains, the power is transmitted to the working tool asa drill, reamer or the like, by the transformation of a reciprocatingmotion into a rotary motion by means of pistons, usually single acting,which are actuated by the admission of into the cylinders carrying suchpistons, the latter being connected to a crank shaft by a connectingrod, and toggle connections common to said crank shaft and connectingrod.

In the conventional, commercial drills of this general type to which myinvention appertains, the cylinders are usually so arranged as to belocated in the same plane and their pistons are displaced at an anglethe connecting rod of each piston of said cylinders being connected at asingle point on the crank and while my invention appertains to thisgeneral class of tools, it that in its broad embodiments, well suitedfor any type of fluid operated motor havin -a piston or connecting rod,,

wherein it is Essential to have a light, strong,

durable and eifectively lubricated connection common to the piston rodand piston.

It is well known to those skilled in the art that tools of thischaracter are operated at extremely high speeds and are frequentlysubjected to rough handling and abuse in the hands of unskilled workmen,and they are also. frequently misused by the absence of sufficientlubrication. As a result ofthese conditions the moving parts undergosevere air pressure will be apparent it is equally usage and arerequired to withstand a considerable degree of vibration.

In prior devices with which I am very familiar, it has heretofore been,the practice to employ in some instances a ball and socket connectionbetween the piston and the contiguous end of the piston rod, whichfrequently causes breakage at the ball end of the piston rod, since atthis point the diameter of the piston rod is somewhat reduced to allowthe ball to rotate in the ball socket carried by the piston to suit thethrow of the crank and in some instances, I have found that owing to theextremely high speed at which such tools are operated and the vibrationto which the connecting rods are subjected as well as the extreme heatcaused by the neglect of lubrication, that the ball becomes eitherdisengaged from the socket or loose in its socket, so as to permit aconsiderable relativemovement which in time effects such a degree ofwear as to render the parts incapable of smooth and proper movement andthe liability of even,- tual breakage is greatly increased.

To obviate the foregoing objections, I have devised my novelconstruction of piston rod having a T-head at its piston end and whichis secured to its piston by an apertured hardened steel tube or hollowpin, whose ends are arc-welded into the ears of a suitable plate whichis riveted, welded, or otherwise secured to the contiguous piston wall,said T-head end connection rotating on said hardened steel tube orhollowpin and the connection common to said T-head and piston being formedfrom a pierced sheet metal blank stamped into the desired shape, theswing of the piston rod being limited only by the diameter of the boreof the piston. Y

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have shown in theaccompanying drawings one form thereof, which is at present preferred byme, since the same will be found in practiceto givesatisfactory andreliable results, although-it is to be understood that the variousinstrumentalities of which my invention consists can be variouslyarranged and organized and that my invention is not limited. to theprecise arrangement and organization of these instrumentalitics asherein shown and described.

detail the other features disclosed tional view of a piston, connectingrod and ig. 3 represents a side elevation of the piston rod in detachedposition, a portion of the latter being shown in section.

Fig. 4 represents a plan view of a blank from which the connectingmeansv common to the piston rod and piston are made.

Fig. 5 represents a perspective view of said Fig. 6 represents a sectionon line 6+6 Fig. 1.

Figs. 7 and 8 represent perspective views the outside and inside togglesemployed. Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts inthe figures.

In my contemporaneously pending application filed November 7th, 1918,Serial No. 261,517, of which the present application is a division, Ihave shown, described and broadly claimed a 'novel construction ofpneumatic drill, and as my present application relates more particularlyto the connecting means common to the piston rod and piston, I deem itunnecessary to, describe in in my pending application aforesaid. r

1 designates a piston of the usual conventional type having secured tothe head or inner wall 2 thereof, my novel piston rod connecting means3, the same comprising a plate or body portion 4 having the ears 5struck up therefrom. The plateor blank 4 is of circular form so as tofit nicely within the piston and is blanked out, pierced and punched,preferably in a single operation into the form shown in Fig. 41, theslits 6 and holes 7 in the ears 5 appearing as seen therein. Thereafterby a subsequent operation, the blank 4 is formed into the shape seen inFig. 5, the ears 5 being deflected at right angles to the body portion4: and extending parallel to each other. the ears 5 is substantially thesame as the length of the T-head 8 of the piston rod 9, seen in Fig.3,said piston rod having the transverse bore 10 through the T-headthereof. The

respect to the ears 5 as seen in Fig. 1,-and

. the hardened steel hollow or tubular pin 10 is inserted in its ends 11are arc-welded into said ears 5.

The ports 12 are provided for lubrication blank showing the ears formedthereon.

v memb The space between V is no part of T-head 8 is assembled withposition as seen in Fig. 1 and 77 similar implement, it

I have'deemed it unnecessary todescribe in detail, the other elementscoactlng with the piston rod, as the inside toggles 14; and

left-hand of Fig. 1, that the plate or body 4:

being riveted to the contiguous head or piston wall will be permanentlysecured thereto, and since the hardened steel tube 6 is arowelded at itsextremities 11 in the ears 5, it will never under ordinary conditionsbecome disconnected therefrom, the T-head 6 of the piston being capableof a freeosoillation to the desired or necessary extent on the hardenedsteel tube or bearing 6, and, in addition being effectively lubricatedthrough the me dium of the ports 12.

By the employment ofthe hardened steel tube or hollow pin 6, it will beseen that a very light, cheap and durable construction is obtained,since said tube can be readily cut off to the desired length and theconnecting er comprising the body portion 4 and the ears 5 can beblanked out or stamped from thin sheet metal by simple and inexpensivedies, which reduces the cost of production to a large degree. I V

The simple and efi'ective means which I employin securing the piston andthe connecting rod makes it possible to construct the piston in acomparatively inexpensive manner, since the head 2 need not be thickerthan the piston walls, for the reason that no portion or connectingparts of the piston rod extend through the piston head, whereby it iseven possible to j form the 3 common to the connecting rod and piston,

tends through the head of the piston, it will be apparent that when thepistons and connecting rods are assembled there is no possibility oropportunity for leakage through the bottom of the piston, since therethe connecting rod that ex-. tends through the piston to become loosenedand admit passage of the motive fluid, which would manifestly reduce theefliciency of the tool.

While I have described my present invention herein and in mycontemporaneously pistons from" sheet metal as well as the connectmgmeans pending application aforesaid, as being par- 7 ticularly adaptedto a pneumatic drill or will be apparent that the'same is applicable toany fiuid'operated pisto having a connecting rod secured thereto,wherein a light, durable and efficiently lubricated connection isdesired, and I therefore do not desire to limit the use of my inventionsolely to portable pneumatic drills, although I have found it to workwith perfect satisfaction therein.

It will now be apparent that I have deviseda novel and usefulconstruction of a connecting means for pistons and. piston rods whichembodies the features of advantage enumerated as desirable in thestatement of the invention and the above description, and while I have,in the present instance, shown and described a preferred embodimentthereof which will be found in practice to give satisfactory andreliable results, it is to be understood that the same is susceptible ofmodification in various particulars without departing from the spirit orscope of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a device of the character stated, a piston, a plate secured to theinner wall thereof and having apertured ears projecting at an angletherefrom, a hardened steel tubular pin having its ends arc-welded insaid ears, and a piston rod having a T-head located between said earsand provided with a bearing through which said pin passes.

2. In a device of the character stated, a piston, a plate secured to theinner wall thereof, apertured parallel ears projecting at an angle fromsaid plate, a piston rod having an enlarged T head having a holetherethrough located between said ears, and a hollow hardened tubularsteel pin passing through said T head and ears and having its ends arewelded in said ears.

3. The combination of a piston, a plate conforming to the inner wallthereof and secured thereto, and having a ertured ears projecting at anangle there rom, a hardened steel tubular pin having its ends areweldedin said ears, and a piston rod having one end located between said ears,and a transverse bearing through one end thereof through which said pinpasses, the latter having lubricating ports therein, whereby said pin islubricated externally and internally.

LEWIS SYKES.

Witnesses J. W. ME

